“Deadlines for Filing of Applications for the July 2011 Nurses Licensure Examination” plus 3 more nursing article(s): NursingCrib.com Updates |  |
- Deadlines for Filing of Applications for the July 2011 Nurses Licensure Examination
- Cold Stress in Newborns
- Methods of Heat Loss in Newborns
- Cluster B Personality Disorders
| Deadlines for Filing of Applications for the July 2011 Nurses Licensure Examination Posted: 17 Jan 2011 03:41 PM PST
The Professional Regulation Commission announces that applicants for the July 2011 Nurses Licensure Examination may now file their applications at the PRC Central Office located at P. Paredes St., Sampaloc, Manila and in all PRC regional offices in the cities of Baguio, Cagayan de Oro, Cebu, Davao, Iloilo, Legazpi, Lucena, Pagadian, Tacloban, Tuguegarao and satellite offices in Butuan, La Union and Zambales. Deadlines of filling applications are as follows:
Applicants are enjoined to file early to avoid queuing at the filing centers. No applicants will be admitted beyond the above stated deadlines. Teresita R. Manzala Official PRC document can be found here. Related posts:
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| Posted: 17 Jan 2011 02:45 PM PST
Overview Thermoregulation is an essential aspect of neonatal care. Newborns that are least able to tolerate hypothermia include the preterm, growth restricted infant and those with asphyxia or respiratory difficulties. Preterm newborns have an impaired ability to prevent heat loss and to increase their body heat production in response to low environmental temperatures. The risk of cold stress is greatest during the immediate transitional period after delivery and is caused by the preterm newborn’s immature skin, the high ratio of surface area to birth weight, and the environmental conditions in the delivery room (large temperature gradients between the newborn’s body temperature and the ambient temperature of delivery room, air flow through the room, and contact with cold surfaces that lead to significant evaporative, radiant, convective, and conductive heat losses). Consequences of Cold Stress Decreased body temperature (hypothermia) results to cold stress. Cold stress in response causes many body changes. The consequences of cols stress are the following:
Result: Decreased Surfactant Production and hypoxemia leading to respiratory distress When the metabolic rate of a neonate is increased, the need for oxygen also increases. A 2 degree centigrade drop in environmental temperature can double the newborn's oxygen need. As cold stress progresses, surfactant production also diminish thereby impeding lung expansion. As a result hypoxemia will be noted and mild respiratory distress can become severe hypoxia if oxygen must be used for heat production.
Result: Increase consumption of glucose resulting to hypoglycemia When the metabolic rate rises for the body to produce heat, glucose requirement also increases. As the demand of glucose surges the body compensates to this need by converting glycogen stores to glucose. When glycogen stores are converted to glucose, they may be quickly used up resulting to hypoglycemia.
Result: Failure to gain weight Infants who must use glucose for temperature regulation and maintenance have less available supply for growth and development.
Result: Metabolic Acidosis; increases the risk of jaundice When brown fats are metabolized in the presence of insufficient oxygen supply increased acid production will result. Rising amount of acids causes metabolic acidosis, which can be a life-threatening condition. Aside from that, elevated fatty acids in the blood can interfere with the transport of bilirubin to the liver for conjugation, thus, increasing the risk of jaundice in a newborn. image from fullmoonsdaughter.com Related posts: |
| Methods of Heat Loss in Newborns Posted: 17 Jan 2011 02:40 PM PST
Overview The maintenance of body temperature at birth or thermoregulation is assumed by infants. Neonates must produce and maintain enough heat to prevent cold stress. Cold stress can have serious and even fatal effects to the neonates. Why are newborns more prone to losing heat? Several features predispose a newborn to lose heat. The following characteristics are:
Methods of Heat Loss
When wet surfaces are exposed to the air evaporation occurs. Heat is lost when the surface dries. At birth the neonate is bathed with amniotic fluid. As the amniotic fluid dries up on the infant's skin (evaporation), the infant loses heat. The same occurs in bathing an infant. Ways to prevent heat loss by evaporation:
When a neonate comes in direct contact with an object cooler than their skin heat loss by conduction occurs. Heat loss by conduction occurs when an infant is placed on a cooler surface or touching them with a cool object or hands. Ways to prevent heat loss by conduction:
When heat is transferred to the air surrounding the infant heat loss by convection takes place. If an air conditioner is kept on or when people move around near the infant increase loss of heat occurs. Ways to prevent heat loss by convection:
The transfer of heat to cooler objects that are not in direct contact with the neonate is called the heat loss by radiation. When infants are placed near cold windows or walls heat is lost by radiation. Even neonates placed in incubators losses heat to the walls of the incubator if it is cold even if the surrounding air temperature is warm. Ways to prevent heat loss by radiation:
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| Cluster B Personality Disorders Posted: 17 Jan 2011 01:59 PM PST
Definition Personality Disorders are characterized by inflexible and maladaptive personality traits that significantly interfere in how a person perform, behave or act within the society. Categories The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) categorizes personality disorders into clusters based on the major or identifying symptom. CLUSTER A: people with odd and eccentric behavior. CLUSTER B: people who are dramatic, emotional and erratic. CLUSTER C: people who appear anxious and fearful. Cluster B: Personality Disorders
Antisocial Personality disorder is characterized by a persistent pattern of violation and disregard for the rights of others, deceit and manipulation Clinical Manifestations:
Borderline personality disorder is the most common personality disorder found in clinical settings. This disorder is characterized by a persistent pattern of unstable relationships, self image, affect and has marked impulsivity. It is more common in females than in males. Self-mutilation injuries such as cutting or burning are noted in this type of personality disorder. Clinical manifestations:
A person with a narcissistic personality disorder shows a persistent pattern of grandiosity either in fantasy or behavior, a need for admiration and a lack of empathy. Clinical Manifestations:
Excessive emotionality and attention-seeking behaviors are pervasive patterns noted in people with a histrionic personality disorder. Clinical manifestations:
Related posts:
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